ACCA考试Dangers of big data 大数据的威胁包含哪些内容？

ACCA财会证书考试对学员来说，是知识获取的过程，是自我成长的过程。ACCA考试的内容有很多，同样是ACCA学员培养自我财会知识的关键过程。ACCA考试每门的考点有很多。那么，ACCA考试Dangers of big data 大数据的威胁包含哪些内容？

Dangers of big data 大数据的威胁是ACCA考试的一部分，学员在学习ACCA考试内容的时候，不仅要了解其基本的含义，还需要掌握ACCA考试的内在关键是什么。

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Despite the examples of the use of big data in commerce, particularly for marketing and customer relationship management, there are some potential dangers and drawbacks.除了大数据的商业用途，特别是市场和客户关系方面的用途，大数据还有很多潜在威胁：

1) Cost 成本： It is expensive to establish the hardware and analytical software needed, though these costs are continually falling.

维持大数据的硬件和分析软件很昂贵，但长期趋势来看，会下降

2) Regulation 监管：Some countries and cultures worry about the amount of information that is being collected and have passed laws governing its collection, storage and use. Breaking a law can have serious reputational and punitive consequences.

一些国家和文化地区担忧，这些信息是否需要监管法律来限制它们的搜集，存储和使用。那如果之前没有立法，但立法后变成非法搜集的信息，之前的投入都泡汤了，且违法有严重的声誉和惩罚性的后果。

3) Loss and theft of data 数据的丢失和偷盗：Apart from the consequences arising from regulatory breaches as mentioned above, companies might find themselves open to civil legal action if data were stolen and individuals suffered as a consequence.

除了违法的后果，一些公司如果丢失数据，会陷入民事诉讼。

4) Incorrect data (veracity) 不正确的数据：If the data held is incorrect or out of date incorrect conclusions are likely. Even if the data is correct, some correlations might be spurious leading to false positive results.

如果数据不正确或日期不正确，可能会得出错误结论。即使数据是正确的，一些相关性可能是虚假的，导致预期外的结果。

5) Employee monitoring 监控员工：data collection methods allow employees to be monitored in detail every second of the day. Some companies place sensors in name badges so that employee movements and interactions at work can be monitored. The badged monitor to whom each employee talks and in what tone of voice. Stress levels can be measured from voice analysis also. Obviously, this information could be used to reduce stress levels and to facilitate better interactions but you will easily see how it could easily be used to put employees under severe pressure.

给员工装传感器，过度监督，侵犯隐私，即使出发点是好的（比如监督员工的士气，压力测试，为了优化工作环境），也会导致不好的结果，人人自危。

ACCA考试的核心是掌握财会知识并学会运用，通过ACCA实际案例分析，帮助学员把知识点进行融合用在实际中去。ACCA考试的内容有很多，学员给该怎么去学习却很关键。

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