ACCA PM(业绩管理)是管理会计的进阶。ACCA PM Part C 中讲述了多种预算方法的知识点,今天,ACCA小编要跟大家介绍一下两个*端型的(零基预算【zero-based budget】和增量预算【incremental budget】)预算方法,一起去看看预算的相关知识点吧!
1.操作步骤
incremental budget
Past data+-some adjustments(即在过去的数据基础上加减已知变化的调整)
zero-based budget
三部曲,考试频率较高,需要背诵记忆:
a.列清单,找决策包(decision packages)
互斥决策包(选了A就一定不选B);增量决策包(base package+incremental package,完成zui低的工作要求的基础上在做一些)戳:各科必背定义+历年真题中文解析+20年BPP习题册(PDF版)
b.Rank
c.Allocate resource
2.优缺点
incremental budget
Advantage:
a.Quick and easy
b.Avoid reinventing the wheel(避免重复劳动力,make use of past data,cost saving)
Disadvantage:
a.Builds on previous information(新的企业可能没有过去的数据参考)
b.Unnecessary spendings used up budget allowance(延用过去的预算为基础,可能为了下期拿到充足的预算金额,引发铺张浪费)
c.Lack of business scrutiny(缺乏商业审慎性,对过去的数据缺乏质疑的态度,就直接拿着过去的数据用了)
zero-based budget
Advantage:
insufficient and obsolete operations can be identified and removed.(过去的浪费可以消除,因为从零开始做预算)
There are incerased staffs involved at all levels as it requires a lot information and work to complete the budget.(员工参与度高,可以提高积*性,提高忠诚度)
it responds to changes in the business environment.(迎合市场需求,预算上及时做调整)
Resources are alloacated efficiently and aconomically(通过对决策包的排序,资源分配更加合理有效)
Disadvantage:
it focuses on short term benefits.(只关注这一年的预算,所以容易造成短视)
it requires heigh management skill.(参与预算的人比较多,需要管理层全局上有个把控)
it takes up a lot of managers'time on budgeting process.(耗时)
Ranking can be difficult for different types of activities.(整个企业的决策包*多,各种各样类型都有,排序很困难)
ACCA PM知识点的学习肯定要花时间,哪怕已有专业基础且只是想通过,所以不要抱有侥幸心理。想了解更多ACCA PM考试知识点,请关注融跃教育官网!